Concept Search

Scope note:

• the murder of Julius Caesar (E69,E7)
• the death of Senator Paul Wellstone

Scope note:

• the murder of Julius Caesar (E69,E7)
• the death of Senator Paul Wellstone

Scope note:

This class comprises the deaths of human beings.

If a person is killed, their death should be instantiated as E69 Death and as E7 Activity. The death or perishing of other living beings should be documented using E64 End of Existence.

• the murder of Julius Caesar (E69,E7)
• the death of Senator Paul Wellstone

Scope note:

• the murder of Julius Caesar (E69,E7)
• the death of Senator Paul Wellstone

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented.

This notion includes complex, composite and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door.

• the Battle of Stalingrad
• the Yalta Conference
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)

Scope note:

This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented.

This notion includes complex, composite and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door.

• the Battle of Stalingrad (Hoyt, 1993)
• the Yalta Conference (Harbutt, 2010)
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65) (Williams, 2020)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66) (Droste, 2006)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented.

This notion includes complex, composite and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door.

• the Battle of Stalingrad
• the Yalta Conference
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad (Hoyt, 1993)
• the Yalta Conference (Harbutt, 2010)
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65) (Williams, 1987)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66) (Droste, 2006)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

• the Battle of Stalingrad 
• the Yalta Conference 
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq
• Kira Weber working in glass art from 1984 to 1993
• Kira Weber working in oil and pastel painting from 1993

Scope note:

This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented.

This notion includes complex, composite and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door.

• the Battle of Stalingrad
• the Yalta Conference
• my birthday celebration 28-6-1995
• the writing of “Faust” by Goethe (E65)
• the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66)
• calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ ‘Quyunjig’ by the people of Iraq

Scope note:

This general class comprises usable discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units.

They can be either intellectual products or physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance either have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concept or structure.

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the pint of milk in my refrigerator
• the plan of the Stassburger Muenster
• the stuff on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk
• the design of the no-smoking sign (E29)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27)
• Properties
• P43 has dimension (is dimension of): E54 Dimension
• P101 had as general use (was use of): E55 Type
• P130 shows features of (features are also found on): E70 Stuff
• (P130.1 kind of similarity: E55 Type)

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78) (fictitious)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22) (fictitious)
• the Riss A1 plan of the Straßburger Münster (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg) (E29) (Liess, R., 1985)
• the thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) (Psimenos. 2005)

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

This general class comprises usable discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units.

They can be either intellectual products or physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance either have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concept or structure.

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the pint of milk in my refrigerator
• the plan of the Stassburger Muenster
• the thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk
• the design of the no-smoking sign (E29)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27)
• Properties
• P43 has dimension (is dimension of): E54 Dimension
• P101 had as general use (was use of): E55 Type
• P130 shows features of (features are also found on): E70 Thing
• (P130.1 kind of similarity: E55 Type)

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.

• my photograph collection (E78) (fictitious)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22) (fictitious)
• the Riss A1 plan of the Straßburger Münster (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg) (E29) (Liess, R., 1985)
• the thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E26) (Psimenos, 2005)

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

This general class comprises usable discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units.

They can be either intellectual products or physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance either have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concept or structure.

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27)
• Properties
• P43 has dimension (is dimension of): E54 Dimension
• P101 had as general use (was use of): E55 Type
• P130 shows features of (features are also found on): E70 Thing
• (P130.1 kind of similarity: E55 Type)

Scope note:

This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability.

They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
 

• my photograph collection (E78)
• the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22)
• the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29)
• the  thing on the top of Otto Hahn’s desk (E19)
• the form of the no-smoking sign (E36)
• the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27) 

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5thSymphony (E73) (Lockwood, 2015)
• Michelangelo’s David (Paoletti, 2015)
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73) (Hartle, 2003)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55) (Sinkevicius and Narusevicius, 2002)

Scope note:

This class comprises discrete, identifiable human-made items that are documented as single units.

These items are either intellectual products or human-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.

• Beethoven’s 5^th Symphony (E73) (Lockwood, 2015)
• Michelangelo’s David (E22) (Paoletti and Bagemihl, 2015)
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E89) (Hartle, 2003)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55) (Sinkevicius and Narusevicius, 2002)

Scope note:

This class comprises discrete, identifiable man-made items that are documented as single units.

These items are either intellectual products or man-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.

• Beethoven’s 5^th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)
• Properties
• P102 has title (is title of): E35 Title
• (P102.1 has type: E55 Type)
• P103 was intended for (was intention of): E55 Type

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

This class comprises discrete, identifiable man-made items that are documented as single units.

These items are either intellectual products or man-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.

• Beethoven’s 5^th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)
• Properties
• P102 has title (is title of): E35 Title
• (P102.1 has type: E55 Type)
• P103 was intended for (was intention of): E55 Type

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

This class comprises discrete, identifiable man-made items that are documented as single units.

These items are either intellectual products or man-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.

• Beethoven’s 5^th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)
• Properties
• P102 has title (is title of): E35 Title
• (P102.1 has type: E55 Type)
• P103 was intended for (was intention of): E55 Type

Scope note:

• Beethoven’s 5th Symphony (E73)
• Michelangelo’s David
• Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (E73)
• the taxon ‘Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus,1758’ (E55)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19) (Scarratt and Shor, 2006)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 5.0.4 (E73) (ISO 21127: 2004)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied.

This is true for all E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of the E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CRM.

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied.

This is true for all instances of E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of an instance of E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CIDOC CRM.

• the Cullinan diamond (E19) (Scarratt and Shor, 2006)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 5.0.4 (E73) (ISO 21127: 2014)

Scope note:

This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied.

This is true for all E18 Physical Stuff. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of the E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CRM.

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied.

This is true for all E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of the E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CRM.

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• the Cullinan diamond (E19)
• definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)

Scope note:

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a "named graph" also falls under this class, so that each "named graph" is an instance of an E73 Information Object.

An instance of E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.
 

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London (E31)
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven" (Poe, 1869)
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa (Mellen, 2002)
• the Maxwell Equations (Huray, 2010)
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a "named graph" also falls under this class, so that each "named graph" is an instance of an E73 Information Object.
An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.
 

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units.

An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's The Raven
• the movie The Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a "named graph" also falls under this class, so that each "named graph" is an instance of an E73 Information Object.
An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.
 

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a named graph also falls under this class, so that each named graph is an instance of E73 Information Object.

An instance of E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London (E31) (Natural History Museum, 2021)
• E. A. Poe's The Raven (Poe, 1869)
• the movie The Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa (Mellen, 2002)
• the text of Huray describing the Maxwell Equations (Huray, 2010)
• the Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units.

An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's The Raven
• the movie The Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a "named graph" also falls under this class, so that each "named graph" is an instance of an E73 Information Object.
An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.
 

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units.

An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's The Raven
• the movie The Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations

Scope note:

This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. The encoding structure known as a "named graph" also falls under this class, so that each "named graph" is an instance of an E73 Information Object.
An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously.

Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression.
 

• image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London
• E. A. Poe's "The Raven"
• the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa
• the Maxwell Equations
• The Getty AAT as published as Linked Open Data, accessed 1/10/2014

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

• he impressionists (Wilson, 1983)the Navajo (Correll, 1972)
• the Greeks (Williams, 1993)
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil (‘ExxonMobil Corp’, Mergent's dividend achievers, vol. 3, no. 3, 2006, pp. 97-97)
• King Solomon and his wives (Thieberger, 1947)
• The President of the Swiss ConfederationNicolas Bourbaki (Aczel, 2007)
• Betty Crocker (Crocker, 2012)
• Ellery Queen (Wheat, 2005)
• Greenpeace
• Paveprime Ltd
• the National Museum of Denmark

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of two or more people that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country.

A gathering of people becomes an E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modeled as membership in an E74 Group (cf. HumanML markup). Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of human individuals or groups that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. In such cases, it may happen that the group never had more than one member. A joint pseudonym (i.e., a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group.

A gathering of people becomes an instance of E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modelled as membership in an instance of E74 Group. Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.

• the impressionists (Wilson, 1994)
• the Navajo (Correll, 1972)
• the Greeks (Williams, 1993)
• the peace protestors in New York City on 15^th February 2003
• Exxon-Mobil (Raymond, 2006)
• King Solomon and his wives (Thieberger, 1947)
• the President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki [the collective pseudonym of a group of mathematicians, predominantly French alumni of the École normale supérieure] (Aczel, 2007)
• Betty Crocker (Crocker, 2012)
• Ellery Queen [Ellery Queen is a pseudonym created in 1929 by American crime fiction writers Frederic Dannay and Manfred Bennington Lee.] (Wheat, 2005)
• Greenpeace
• Paveprime Ltd
• the National Museum of Denmark

Scope note:

This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of two or more people that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship.

A gathering of people becomes an E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modeled as membership in an E74 Group (cf. HumanML markup).

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of two or more people that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country.

A gathering of people becomes an E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modeled as membership in an E74 Group (cf. HumanML markup). Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

• the impressionists
• the Navajo
• the Greeks
• the peace protestors in New York City on February 15 2003
• Exxon-Mobil
• King Solomon and his wives
• The President of the Swiss Confederation
• Nicolas Bourbaki
• Betty Crocker
• Ellery Queen

Scope note:

This class comprises appellations that are by their form or syntax specific to identifying instances of E28 Conceptual Object, such as intellectual products, standardized patterns etc.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”
• "DOI=10.1109/MIS.2007.103"

Scope note:

This class comprises appellations that are by their form or syntax specific to identifying instances of E28 Conceptual Object, such as intellectual products, standardized patterns etc.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”
• "DOI=10.1109/MIS.2007.103"

Scope note:

This class comprises all specific identifiers of intellectual products or standardized patterns.

• ISBN 3-7913-1418-1
• ISO2788-1986 (E)

Scope note:

This class comprises appellations that are by their form or syntax specific to identifying instances of E28 Conceptual Object, such as intellectual products, standardized patterns etc.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”
• "DOI=10.1109/MIS.2007.103"

Scope note:

This class comprises all specific identifiers of intellectual products or standardized patterns.

• ISBN 3-7913-1418-1
• ISO2788-1986 (E)

Scope note:

This class comprises appellations that are by their form or syntax specific to identifying instances of E28 Conceptual Object, such as intellectual products, standardized patterns etc.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”
• "DOI=10.1109/MIS.2007.103"

Scope note:

This class comprises all appellations specific to intellectual products or standardized patterns.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”

Scope note:

This class comprises all appellations specific to intellectual products or standardized patterns.

• “ISBN 3-7913-1418-1”
• “ISO 2788-1986 (F)”

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci (Strano, 1953)
• Stonehenge (Richards, 2005)
• the hole in the ozone layer (Hufford and Horwitz, 2005)
• the First Law of Thermodynamics (Craig and Gislason, 2002)
• the Bermuda Triangle (Dolan, 2005)

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

This class comprises items that have a persistent identity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy.

They can be repeatedly recognized within the duration of their existence by identity criteria rather than by continuity or observation. Persistent Items can be either physical entities, such as people, animals or things, or conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or common names.

The criteria that determine the identity of an item are often difficult to establish -; the decision depends largely on the judgement of the observer. For example, a building is regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. The class E77 Persistent Item does not take any position about the nature of the applicable identity criteria and if actual knowledge about identity of an instance of this class exists. There may be cases, where the identity of an E77 Persistent Item is not decidable by a certain state of knowledge.

The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

This class comprises items that have persistent characteristics of structural nature substantially related to their identity and their integrity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy. Persistent Items may be physical entities, such as people, animals or things, conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or even names.

Instances of E77 Persistent Item may be present or be part of interactions in different periods or events. They can repeatedly be recognized at disparate occasions during their existence by characteristics of structural nature. The respective characteristics need not be exactly the same during all the existence of an instance of E77 Persistent Item. Often, they undergo gradual change, still bearing some similarities with that of previous times, or disappear completely and new emerge. For instance, a person, from the time of being born on, will gradually change all its features and acquire new ones, such as a scar. Even the DNA in different body cells will develop defects and mutations. Nevertheless, relevant characteristics use to be sufficiently similar to recognize the instance for some substantial period of time.

The more specific criteria that determine the identity of instances of subclasses of E77 Persistent Item may vary considerably and are described of referred to in the respective scope notes. The decision about which exact criteria to use depends on whether the observable behaviour of the respective part of reality such confined conforms to the reasoning the user is interested in. For example, a building can be regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria, such as being bodily separated from other persons. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. On the opposite, the identity of a (version of a) text of a scientific publication is given by the exact arrangement of its relevant symbols.

The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope of the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.

An instance of E77 Persistent Item does not require actual knowledge of the identifying features of the instance being currently known. There may be cases, where the actual identifying features of an instance of E77 Persistent Item are not decidable at a particular state of knowledge.

• Leonard da Vinci (E21) (Strano, 1953)
• Stonehenge (E24) (Pryor, 2016)
• the hole in the ozone layer (E4) (Hufford and Horwitz, 2005)
• the First Law of Thermodynamics (E89) (Craig and Gislason, 2002)
• the Bermuda Triangle (E53) (Dolan, 2005)

Scope note:

This class comprises items that have a persistent identity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy.

They can be repeatedly recognized within the duration of their existence by identity criteria rather than by continuity or observation. Persistent Items can be either physical entities, such as people, animals or things, or conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or common names.

The criteria that determine the identity of an item are often difficult to establish -; the decision depends largely on the judgement of the observer. For example, a building is regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. The class E77 Persistent Item does not take any position about the nature of the applicable identity criteria and if actual knowledge about identity of an instance of this class exists. There may be cases, where the identity of an E77 Persistent Item is not decidable by a certain state of knowledge.

The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

This class comprises items that have a persistent identity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy.

They can be repeatedly recognized within the duration of their existence by identity criteria rather than by continuity or observation. Persistent Items can be either physical entities, such as people, animals or things, or conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or common names.

The criteria that determine the identity of an item are often difficult to establish -; the decision depends largely on the judgement of the observer. For example, a building is regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. The class E77 Persistent Item does not take any position about the nature of the applicable identity criteria and if actual knowledge about identity of an instance of this class exists. There may be cases, where the identity of an E77 Persistent Item is not decidable by a certain state of knowledge.

The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• Leonard da Vinci
• Stonehenge
• the hole in the ozone layer
• the First Law of Thermodynamics
• the Bermuda Triangle

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

This class comprises aggregations of instances of E18 Physical Thing that are assembled and maintained (“curated” and “preserved,” in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan.

Items may be added or removed from an E78 Collection in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Collection often referred to with the name of the E78 Collection (e.g. “The Wallace Collection decided…”).

Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Collection. This is because they form wholes either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality.

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Michael Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

This class comprises aggregations of physical items that are assembled and maintained (“curated” and “preserved,” in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan.

Items may be added or removed from an E78 Collection in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Collection often referred to with the name of the E78 Collection (e.g. “The Wallace Collection decided…”).

Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Collection. This is because they form wholes either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality.

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

This class comprises aggregations of instances of E18 Physical Thing that are assembled and maintained (“curated” and “preserved,” in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan.

Items may be added or removed from an E78 Collection in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Collection often referred to with the name of the E78 Collection (e.g. “The Wallace Collection decided…”).

Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Collection. This is because they form wholes either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality.

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection (Ingamells, 1990)
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium atMuseum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway
• The Digital Collections of the Munich DigitiZation Center (MDZ) accessible via https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/at least in January 2018.

Scope note:

This class comprises aggregations of instances of E18 Physical Thing that are assembled and maintained (“curated” and “preserved,” in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan. Typical instances of curated holdings are museum collections, archives, library holdings and digital libraries. A digital library is regarded as an instance of E18 Physical Thing because it requires keeping physical carriers of the electronic content.

Items may be added or removed from an E78 Curated Holding in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Curated Holding often referred to with the name of the E78 Curated Holding (e.g., “The Wallace Collection decided…”).

Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Curated Holding. This is because they form wholes either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality.

• the John Clayton Herbarium (Blake, 1918), (Natural History Museum, 2021)
• the Wallace Collection (Ingamells, 1990)
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway (Woelkerling et al., 2005)
• the Digital Collections of the Munich DigitiZation Center (MDZ) accessible via https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/ at least in January 2018.

Scope note:

• the John Clayton Herbarium
• the Wallace Collection
• Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway